“He leads the whole world astray” together with his angels (Rev. This is based on the Lord’s prayer in Matthew 6:10. One of the principles of the kingdom taught by the College of Prayer is the binding and loosing of spirits. I’ve learned that demons find access points to invade human lives. He commanded the spirits to come out of the man, and they entered a herd of pigs Jesus has given His church; His body the commission to bind and to lose. The spirit is concerned with the deeper meaning of life, while the mind is focused on the practical aspects of living. In her most popular bestseller ever, the beloved author and minister shows readers how to change their lives The mind is often associated with the intellect and our ability to reason and make decisions. Discerning of spirits means to critically examine spirits. For we do not know what to pray for as we ought, but the Spirit himself intercedes for us with groanings too deep for words. In Mark 5:8-9, Jesus encountered a man possessed by a legion of unclean spirits. These demons you into sin by working with your sinful nature: Lust, Jealousy, Envy, Hate, Fornication, Pornography, Dishonesty, Greed, Pride, Drug Addiction, etc. Oct 26, 2023 · Spiritual binding is a practice that goes beyond the physical realm, focusing on the connection between intent, energy, and the universe. Help me guard my eyes and mind, flee from temptation, and resist the lies and tricks of the enemy. Apr 10, 2018 · Location: Lagos, Nigeria. Loosing however, refers to the loosing of a captive or person in bondage. A Wandering, Wondering Mind 31 10. Nov 21, 2019 · Familiar spirits target our generational line and those things we fear. These spells can be used to prevent negative energies or entities from entering a space or affecting a person. Spirits that Affect the Mind. Jan 17, 2021 · How to Get Rid of the Spirit of Confusion. Sep 7, 2020 · We bind forces of evil, and loose forces of good that we have the power and authority to do so. THE SPIRIT OF THE MIND. In Mark 1:25, Jesus rebuked an unclean spirit, commanding it to come out of a man. tv. I send the fire of God against every spirit that is meant to bind me. You bind demons, and you loose the captives. They still retain all of their powers regardless of form though. Touch: On the third breath, feel the points of contact between your body and where you’re sitting (or standing Feb 8, 2019 · Here are 7 strong spiritual warfare prayers for the mind. They generate feelings. Create a clean heart, O God, and renew my steadfast Spirit. John 14:15-17 ESV / 10 helpful votesHelpfulNot Helpful. Learn more binding prayers in Fr. This practice can aid in manifestation, releasing negativity, and fostering spiritual connection. I know that You are powerful and mighty. Loosing prayers release God’s power to Rev. In this exploration, I will demystify the concept of spiritual binding, its various forms, tools, and ethical considerations, and even share real-life examples. Whenever they can, seducing spirits work through the influence one person has on another, cause him to forget God’s truth, convince him that black is white and white is black, that false is Jul 28, 2023 · To bind a spirit, one has to learn to deal with the spiritual, and this means that one should be spiritual as well. By this you know the Spirit of God: every spirit that Jun 29, 2021 · The spirit of heaviness prevents effective worship by making the believer feel isolated from God. This spirit is related to Belial, the destroyer, described in Psalm 18:4 and 2 Corinthians 6:15. While the spirit and the mind are both important aspects of our being, they serve different functions. Nov 17, 2023 · Yoking in yoga challenges this perspective. And he ate nothing during those days. One of the key verses is found in 1 John 4:1-3, where it says: “Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God, for many false prophets have gone out into the world. We see this in the logical relationship between Mark 3:27 and 3:28. 10. reaching the limit of credibility: they offered a mind-bending salary. Breaking Mind-Binding Spirits #shorts ⚔️ Get Equipped at: http://www. ” But as the scripture implies, first, submit to God. ’. 1. Fill with your Holy Spirit and strengthen me to walk in purity and self-control. In her case, “when the spirits left, the ability to believe came rushing back. While it acknowledges the importance of the body and mind, it emphasizes that our true nature goes beyond these transient aspects. We are in an all-out war with many pitfalls and These are Prayers Against Mind Binding Spirits. If your mind is overwhelmed with obsessive and crime related thoughts. There will always be things we need to Sep 1, 2019 · I cast out every demonic force that has entered the territory of my life. Feb 15, 2024 · Spirit Tattoo Meaning A spirit tattoo is a powerful symbol that represents the wearer’s spiritual beliefs, personal journey, or connection to the divine. God, my Fortress, there is a war in my mind right now. In this episode, based on Kathy’s books, Unshackled and Discerning and Destroying the Works of Satan, learn how 2 days ago · mind-bending in British English. This isn’t the real you. See examples of MIND-BENDING used in a sentence. Mind-bending definition: mind-blowing. This is not biblical truth. Aug 29, 2017 · Second, Jesus’s binding of the strong man means he can grant forgiveness of sins. Most of us have a craving need for affirmation of people. Dec 6, 2021 · To be safe and secure in Jesus, you must pursue Him. Breaking the Power of Familiar Spirits shines light on the evil influences that sneak in through a back door. Discover how the enemy has taken up residence in your home and caused hindrances and havoc in your life. As human beings, we have a physical body and a spiritual body. Bind the evil spirits surrounding me in my life. schoolofthespirit. At first, I thought the Holy Spirit might be leading me to pray for the Body of Jesus Christ to Sep 17, 2013 · The most profound problem that occurs when we associate “binding” and “loosing” with demons is that it creates a terrible misunderstanding of what Jesus really meant in Matthew 16:19 and 18:18. The mind governed by the flesh is hostile to God; it does not submit to God’s law, nor can it do so. Bindings can also be items placed around an object for improved strength. Aug 7, 2023 · Jesus responded to unclean spirits with authority and power. Ephesians 4:23 says, “And are May 19, 2020 · Look: Take a breath and notice what you see around you. Come against any mind-binding or mind-blinding spirits that try to control your thinking, and defeat them through the power of God. Father, I surrender my sexual desires and passions to you. Your first line of defense is to take authority over evil spirits and the devil. And I will ask the Father, and he will give you another Helper, to be with you forever, even the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees him nor knows him. 84) Mind-binding spirits are blinding spirits that lock your mind down and prevent escape from bondage and movement in the spiritual realm. Bind and evict the spirit of infirmity. altering one's state of consciousness: mind-bending drugs. Amen. In Eph 2:2 we have (BLB): in which once you walked according to the age of this world, according to the ruler of the authority of the air, the spirit now working in the sons of disobedience, Aug 4, 2017 · Matthew 18:18, including its language of binding and loosing, speaks of the ability of the believing community to bring to bear on the wayward disciple the instructions of Jesus in an authoritative way. We must “first bind the strong man” (Mark 3:27 Mar 6, 2024 · The phrase be renewed is derived from the Greek verb ( ananeousthai) meaning “to be or become reestablished in a new and often improved manner. This is quite vague and doesn’t Jan 4, 2022 · Religion can easily turn into a type of spiritual bondage when we allow our fears of hell, judgment, or demonic activity to control us or when we adopt a religious mindset that says, “If I don’t perform such and such a ritual, there will be bad consequences. If there is always an expression of sudden impulse to do evil when you are alone. Binding and loosing means to forbid the works of the kingdom of darkness (binding) and to represent and bring the Kingdom of God, by keeping His commandments and doing His will on this earth (loosing). 💻 Website: JenniferEivaz. Instead of feeling connected to the Lord, as Hammond sings, there are “distractions all around A spirit of poverty can be defined as a demonic spirit empowered by iniquity and sin in the areas of giving and receiving. If you experience an impelling force that defies any act of resistance pushing you to do evil. Jun 8, 2023 · Fill me with Your wisdom, discernment, and the power to bind evil spirits. The enemy targets our thoughts. James 4:7 – “Therefore submit to God. And when they were ended, he was hungry. Your Word tells me to surrender everything to You in prayer, and then You will give me Your peace. After deliverance consider taking time to pray for healing and wholeness for areas that have been affected by the spirit and its means of entry. Then he immediately says “all sins” and “whatever blasphemies” will be forgiven (except the Mar 3, 2024 · Binding and loosing prayers specifically refer to the spiritual authority that believers have to “bind” the enemy’s influence and “loose” God’s power and blessings in their lives or the lives of others. Sometimes it's your fault except when it isn't. However, most people are only acquainted with their physical body and tend to overlook their spiritual body. The binding of spirits is the exercise of jurisdictional authority and power given by the Lord Jesus Christ to His Church in order to restrict, restrain, prohibit, or prevent the activity, influence and Jan 13, 2023 · Answer. I command you to bow your knee to the Name of Jesus and leave me. Here mind binding spirits, mind bleeding spirits and mind confusion spirits fill the mind of the victim with fear or false ideas. A Confused Mind 33 11. This means speaking to Satan and the evil forces out loud, binding them in the name of Jesus, and forbidding them to lie to you and use your mind as their playground. For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God's law; indeed, it cannot. Only in man spirit is united with a body, animates the body, and makes it to be a living body. adj. Each individual rune within the bind rune maintains its own meaning and properties, but when combined, they create a unique and often more specific sigil with a collective intention. This ritual makes it easier for your spirit to contact you and vice-versa. 2. For he will deliver you from the snare of the fowler and from the deadly pestilence. In this episode, based on Kathy’s books, Unshackled and Discerning and 1. Contact Evangelist Joshua (Prayer Line) on Call or WhatsApp:+2348099828623. IX. Only such a mind can pray competently and properly. (Emphasis added) Romans 8:26-27 ESV / 13 helpful votesHelpfulNot Helpful. Romans 8:6-8 ESV / 19 helpful votesHelpfulNot Helpful. s Additional Scriptures for a Sound Mind. Mind-body-spirit means that our wellness comes not just from physical health, but from mental health and spiritual health as well. These Prayers have been written by us so that each can be a foundation for a personal relationship for God. Their argument was that “by the prince of demons he is driving out demons” ( Mark 3:22 ). The meaning of “binding and loosing” in Matthew 16:19 has caused many students of the Bible to scratch their heads: I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven. While that may sound frightening to An Ally Spirit can have multiple forms, including seemingly inanimate objects. It is a mind-binding, paralyzing spirit that tries to grip us and prevent us from moving forward. Could familiar spirits also be a luring force behind being stuck in a place of anxiety, depression and mental illness? Jun 25, 2021 · Lexham Press 5 min read June 25, 2021. Think About What You’re Thinking About 23 Part 2: Conditions of the Mind Introduction 27 8. Those who are in the flesh cannot please God. There will be a part of you that is always attached to your new companion. Spirit of BITTERNESS (Ruling Demon) 2. 4:4). Another purpose of binding spells is to protect oneself or others from harm. Mind-binding spirits are blinding spirits that lock your mind down and prevent escape from bondage and movement in the spiritual realm. So that, His Kingdom shall come and His will be done in earth as it is Jan 14, 2021 · In Joyce Meyer's Battlefield Of The Mind, the devil has a lot of influence over you except when he doesn't. reaching the limit of credibility. I trust in Your plan for my life and submit myself to Your will. Isaiah 61:1. When an uncontrollable urge that overruns reason takes over your emotions. In fact, every time I prayed for the next two days, I heard Mind-binding spirits. 5. The individual Prayers may have a personal meaning. It can symbolize the wearer’s quest to understand their inner spirit, their resilience in face of life’s challenges, or their faith in the divine power. It could even be a Free Spirit (eventually), if you wanted to have <a famous mythical relic> pop up in game. It is revelation of kinds of spirits (good or bad; angels or demons). The truth that Jesus taught about binding and loosing is one that every Christian disciple should know. Consider addressing other spirits like fear, timidity, rejection, disease, paralysis, mental illnesses, trauma, death, is discerned. And he who searches hearts knows what is the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for the saints Feb 12, 2019 · Secondly, there is demon obsession. Spirits that Lead into Sin and Rebellion against God. Those who are in the realm of the flesh cannot please God. Matthew 18:18 pertains to the attempt of fellow believers to bring one of their own back into the fold by way of confirming “the standard of Oct 1, 2002 · Ours is the only spirit that is also a soul-that is to say, the life principle in a body. When Jesus set free the woman with the issue of blood, He said unto her, “Woman, thou art loosed from thine infirmity. May 22, 2020 · How Mind-Binding Spirits Operate (Ep. In 1 John 5:19, the Apostle John said, “We know that we are of God, and that the whole world lies in the grip of the evil one. Touch: On the third breath, feel the points of contact Dec 11, 2023 · The Bible addresses the concept of discerning spirits in a few passages. Lord in Heaven, Hear this prayer and know that I place myself in Your hands. 1 John 4:4 “I remind you that it is written, ‘He that is within me is greater than he that is in the world. I will not receive (or believe) your lie in the Name of Jesus. If you can identify a constant negative thought or emotion, you can identify a familiar spirit working in your life. He trained the disciples to do it also and said that driving out demons was one of the signs to follow believers. I send the fire of God against satanic control, intimidation, manipulation, and witchcraft. Binding prayers are used to restrict the enemy’s influence, activities, and plans. A Doubtful and Unbelieving Mind 37 12. A Judgmental, Critical and Suspicious Mind 45 14. Yoga posits that at the heart of every individual lies a radiant spirit, often referred to as the ‘true self’ or ‘Atman’. When defeating tormenting spirits, your objective is to stop oppression. The spirit obeyed and left the man. Seducing spirits, the lying spirits that take people over, reverse the truth in minds and spirits and make it seem false. Affirm your belief in God’s power and sovereignty. You can find out what meaning it has for you by praying. 4. Here's how Binding spells can help to prevent harm before it occurs, creating a safe and protective environment. The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me, Because the Lord has anointed me. Whenever they can, seducing spirits work through the influence one person has on another, cause him to forget God’s truth, convince him that black is white and white is black, that false is And Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan and was led by the Spirit in the wilderness for forty days, being tempted by the devil. Do not let kindness and truth leave you; Bind them around your neck, Write them on the tablet of your heart. n. Thank you for supporting kingdom work! Email me at: admin@evangelistjoshua. Find spirit of confusion verses to bind the spirit. In other words, the reason the demons Powerful Prayer To Bind Evil Spirits. The subject matter of discerning of spirits is not optional. I am seated in heavenly places in Messiah Yeshua. There seems to be little information about these constructs but the general consensus seems to be: a stuffed sackcloth roughly shaped like a human has an evil spirit bound to it causing it to animate. According to Sundaram, “the idea that the evil eye is somebody focusing too much stress on you” is what the term “the evil eye” refers to. Then, we call forth God’s will to be done on earth as it is in heaven. These demons keep you in sin and give you an unsound mind. First we bind the plans of evil in the situation we are facing in the name of Jesus Christ. In Jesus’ name, I pray. Jul 13, 2014 · Binding the enemy’s plans; loosing God’s plans. I am far above satanic intimidation and control. As I am very new, the only instances of binding evil spirits into things to animate them. I had already done a lot of ministry, and I had long realized how much trouble many believers had with their minds. ” As a verb, bind means fastening or restraining something tightly. And if Romans 8:6-8 ESV / 7 helpful votesHelpfulNot Helpful. Ephesians 4:23 says, “And are Binding Spirits. 3. “Father in heaven, I stand in faith on the authority I have as a believer Mar 24, 2020 · You have probably heard of the mind-body-spirit connection, but might not be sure what it means and how it affects your well-being. You can pray, “In the name of Jesus Christ, I declare that God is the ultimate authority over all evil spirits. To understand metaphysical binding let’s begin with a definition of the word “bind. He will cover you with his pinions, and under his wings you will find refuge; his Aug 21, 2023 · Spiritual binding is the act of tying or uniting something in the spiritual realm. Sep 14, 2023 · A bind rune is a combination of two or more runic symbols (characters from runic alphabets) that are merged or "bound" together to form a single symbol. Satan remains at large as the "prince of the power of the air" (Ephesians 2:2) until he is chained or bound (by an angel, not a human being) during the millennial reign of Christ (Revelation 20:1 May 19, 2020 · Listen: Close your eyes, take a second breath, and attend to the sounds around you. To bring good news to the afflicted; Many people are under the control of demonic entities that lie, manipulate, and deceive. ” (Luke 13:12) Jan 13, 2012 · We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. A spirit of poverty can be defined as a demonic spirit empowered by iniquity and sin in the areas of giving and receiving. adjective informal. The phrase bind the strong man (or strongman) is a reference to a passage in the book of Mark, where Jesus is responding to some Jewish scribes who were accusing Him of being possessed by Beelzebul. Between two or more people, a binding establishes unity (a bond of trust). The devil said to him, “If you are the Son of God, command this stone to become bread. Binding can symbolize connection, intentionality, and unity in various spiritual traditions. Jan 13, 2021 · In this video Jennifer speaks about the things we misdiagnose: a mind binding spirit. In Jesus name I pray. Demons can be imparted by the laying on of hands, therefore be careful who prays for you. Binding Demonic Spirits: Why It’s Important. very difficult to understand; complex. They prevent you from receiving your deliverance and moving forward in your spiritual journey. While we are not to live in fear or apprehension, caution would lead us to pray to cover our body, mind and spirit with the blood of Jesus Christ for continuous protection. William Hyer, Academic Dean. He who dwells in the shelter of the Most High will abide in the shadow of the Almighty. The loosing of a spirit is Mar 14, 2024 · Anxiety and Stress: Monitoring spirits can cause anxiety and stress, which can lead to physical symptoms like headaches, muscle tension, and difficulty sleeping. Excalibur or Aladdin's Lamp, for example. Verse Concepts. When Is My Mind Normal? 29 9. By entering a relationship with Jesus, the believer is reestablished in an improved standing as a “ new creation ” in Christ ( 2 Corinthians 5:17 ). An Anxious and Worried Mind 41 13. Jul 9, 2021 · The battle is in the mind. (You can add into this prayer, Binding of Spirits) We bind the spirits of: Leviathan, schizophrenia, double-mindedness, doubt, unbelief, confusion, deception, mind control, mind occult, Jezebel, death, witchcraft. “If you love me, you will keep my commandments. For to set the mind on the flesh is death, but to set the mind on the Spirit is life and peace. John 14:16-17 ESV / 2 helpful votesHelpfulNot Helpful. Resist the devil and he will flee from you. 2 Corinthians 10:5 “Satan, you are a liar. As you recognize a thought that is a lie, always defend yourself out loud. Feb 9, 2024 · Satan is called “god of the world” in 2 Corinthians 4:4, “prince of this world” in John 14:30 and “prince of the power of the air” in Ephesians 2:2. It’s only by the blood of the Lamb (Jesus) and the truths revealed in the Bible that freedom from them is possible. They experience unpleasant scenes and mental pictures so that they become continually depressed. com. 16 Through deliverance, however, the attacks of mind-binding spirits will disappear. You know him, for he dwells with you and will be in you. By this you know the Spirit of God: every spirit that Dec 11, 2023 · The Bible addresses the concept of discerning spirits in a few passages. There are many different spirits Loosing, like binding, can be done here on earth, and takes effect in the spiritual realm. ”. This scripture is also helpful. The best way to do that is to put on the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness. Practice binding principalities with the Word of God. You, however, are not in the realm of the flesh but are in the realm of the Spirit, if indeed the Spirit of God lives in you. Spirit of REBELLION (Ruling Demon) 3. 6. Jesus dealt with the demonic realm a great deal in the gospels, primarily in the context of casting them out. I ask You to break any and all bonds, ties, and attachments in the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. 12:9 Sep 14, 2021 · We use "spirit" in a similar way in English when we say something like, "That child is displaying a selfish spirit" - meaning the attitude of the mind. Imagine a spirit that turns the head of someone and exercises control. ly/2OuQjdL Jun 9, 2009 · Along similar lines, she believes that there are “mind-binding” spirits who keep multitudes of believers in a perpetual state of unbelief. Only the mind set on the spirit can cause you to touch life and have peace within. Oct 10, 2011 · Binding and Loosing Spirits. Likewise the Spirit helps us in our weakness. May 21, 2015 · Intercessory prayer can break demonic strongholds. The false is presented as truth. A mind of prayer is one that minds the spirit, cooperates with the spirit, submits itself to the ruling of the spirit, and is set on the spirit. This is an attack that is becoming a common phenomenon in our society. To be “healthy,” we must pay attention to all three aspects of our nature. Mind-Binding Spirits 21 7. My mind is a battleground right now, and I need Your protection. Acknowledge and declare God’s authority over all evil spirits. At the same time, Christians are daily Dec 29, 2020 · The binding ritual that I do (there are others and I cannot speak on them) gives you a closer relationship with your spirit companion. Spirit of CONTROL (Ruling Demon) Verse Concepts. “Perfect love drives out fear” ( 1 John 4:18 ). Discerning of spirits is spiritual information concerning spiritual warfare. It operates generationally through iniquity, therefore it is a familiar (or family-line) spirit. Spiritual beliefs about binding vary across cultures, religions, and Nov 3, 2023 · I ask You to bind by Thy Precious Blood all of the attributes, aspects and characteristics, interactions, communications and deceitful games of the evil spirits. 📚 Get Jennifer’s Devotional Books Here: http://bit. Mental attack is a spirit that convert great destiny to rags. Their main goal is to gather information, take notes, and report back to the forces of darkness, seeking any vulnerability they can exploit in our lives. These entities are called mind-binding spirits, and some refer to them as the octopus spirit. Some misapply that teaching to include binding Satan. mind-bending drugs. There is no scriptural command to bind Satan, nor is there any biblical example of the practice. A familiar spirit targets our emotions and our thinking. May 13, 2024 · What exactly are Monitoring Spirits? Well, they are spiritual beings that operate in the supernatural realm, with the not-so-friendly task of observing and monitoring the lives of individuals. Loss of Confidence and Self-Esteem: If you believe you are being monitored, you may start to doubt your own abilities and worth. It is done by revelation, not by strong spiritual suspicion. Jesus called Satan the “prince of this world” (John 12:31) while Paul named him “the prince of the power of the air” (Eph. Spirit of STRIFE (Ruling Demon) 4. Vain imaginations and false scenarios run rampant through our heads. Dec 5, 2011 · The next day when I prayed, I heard the same words. Please use that power to protect me now. 2:2) and “the god of this world” (2 Cor. I will say to the Lord, “My refuge and my fortress, my God, in whom I trust. We hope this list can inspire and motivate you to share God’s Word. comJennifer Eivaz - Books/Merchandise 1: Jenn The mind governed by the flesh is death, but the mind governed by the Spirit is life and peace. Listen: Close your eyes, take a second breath, and attend to the sounds around you. Self-accusation and self-condemnation are some characteristics of the obsessed person. Spiritual problems (which this is) must be dealt with. Jesus says that the one who binds the strong man can plunder the strong man’s house (3:27). How do we control something that occupies our mind causing trauma and torment? We are attacked with mind-binding spirits, mental anguish, stress, worry, rejection, fear, offense, insecurity, unworthiness and intimidation which can all be labeled Jan 1, 2001 · Worry, doubt, confusion, depression, anger and feelings of condemnation: all these are attacks on the mind. This precious promise is why I cry out to You now. One of the principles of the kingdom taught in Scripture is the binding and loosing of spirits. Let's break through!Check out the course at www. God is a spirit but has no body; the angels are spirits but have no bodies. Ripperger’s book. altering one's state of consciousness. Every living body-vegetable, lower animal, human-has a life-principle, a soul. ” 17 Jun 10, 2009 · First, we must acknowledge that there is some biblical evidence for territorial spirits. Dec 9, 2017 · Self pity, bitterness, rejection, abandonment, isolation are evil fruits of familiar spirits. Here is a list of those to be mindful of when praying:Cluster 1—Anger, hatred, malice, rage, murder, temper, cursing, vengeance, retaliation, violence, abuse, cruelty, sadism, unforgiveness, bitterness, being judgmental or critical, taking offense easily/irritability, anger towards men or women, anger towards mother or father, anger towards Bind and evict the spirit of infirmity. It really is that simple. If readers suffer from negative thoughts, they can take heart! Joyce Meyer has helped millions win these all-important battles. Paul teaches that there is a spiritual gift of discernment available to Mind-binding spirits are real, and can be difficult to discern if you are not aware of the enemy's devices. . The binding of spirits is the exercise of jurisdictional authority and power given by the Lord Jesus Christ to His Church in order to restrict, restrain, prohibit, or prevent the activity, influence and control of a spirit. Sep 29, 2022 · The hamsa, associated with the evil eye, is a symbol that may be found in numerous religious traditions, including Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and even ancient Greek and Roman cultures. rh eo lo gc bu ob ll il hm vn